Our distribution system continues to evolve as the service area expands. Paducah Water distribution crews install new water mains throughout the system as development occurs, and as pipes age and must be replaced. Main installation consists of five primary steps.

1. EXCAVATION

Excavation is the process of digging a passage, or trench, for installing pipe. A number of factors must be considered before excavation can begin. These include condition of the ground, soil type, climate, trench dimensions, and the proximity of other utility lines within the project corridor, just to name a few.

2. BEDDING

Bedding occurs as crews prepare the platform on which the installed pipe will rest. The trench must be properly leveled and compacted so the pipe will have continuous, firm support.

3. INSTALLATION

Once the trench is ready, the pipe is placed into position. Prior to installation, pipe must be inspected and any damaged portions should be removed. Thorough cleaning and sanitizing are also required.

4. ASSEMBLY (JOINING)

This delicate part of the water main installation process must be done correctly to minimize leakage and ensure proper functioning and longevity of the main. Methods of assembly depend on the type of pipe material and appurtenances used.

5. CONNECTION TO EXISTING MAIN

The newly installed pipe is now ready to become part of the distribution system. It is pressure tested and disinfected before being placed in service. Then the pipe is connected to the existing main either by pressure tap or tee connection.

Source: http://localplumbingandsewerga.com/water-mains/water-main-installation/